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Peter Kiołbassa
Peter Kiołbassa (1837 - June 23, 1905) was a Polonia activist and Democratic politician in the city of Chicago, serving as Chicago Treasurer and Commissioner of Public Works. Nicknamed "Honest Pete" because he refused to take city funds from financial decisions made as Treasurer, he broke from the tradition of his predecessors. He was the first Pole to be elected to such positions in the city. He was a major organizer of the St. Stanislaw Church, and worked as president of the Polish Roman Catholic Union, in order to regain the Poles' loyalty to the Roman Catholic church.
==Early life and Civil War==
Kiołbassa came from a Silesian village with his family when he was 17 years old, arriving in the town of Virgin Mary, Texas, which was a new Polish immigrant enclave. He spoke Polish and German fluently from his youth, he did not speak any English until he arrived in the U.S.,when, upon his arrival, he learned English and Spanish. 〔http://www.jstor.org/stable/20147213〕 In 1862, he joined the Confederate Army, and was captured in 1863. After his capture, the Union Army recruited him to their side, making him a sergeant; he was promoted to sergeant major and then captain during the Civil War. After the Civil War, he moved to Chicago and served on the police force. Because of his polyglot abilities and excellent handwriting,〔 he advanced to sergeant and then secretary to the Chief of Police. Initially, he was a member of the Republican Party. His support for Ulysses S. Grant during the 1872 election was documented in an editorial he wrote to ''Sobota'', where he urged Poles to vote for Grant. After this election, he switched his affiliation to the Democratic Party, organizing support among Polish Americans. In 1888, he ran as a Democrat for alderman of Chicago's 16th district, which contained a highly Polish constituency, against Republican August Kowalski, another Pole. Their competition split the Polish vote, and he lost the election to Kowalski.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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